MITOCHONDRIAL COI BASED GENETIC DIVERSITY OF FRANCOLINUS FRANCOLINUS IN DISTRICT KHUSHAB

Abstract

Using mitochondrial DNA particularly the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, the present research evaluated the genetic variation of the District Khushab population of black francolin (Francolinus francolinus).By analyzing COI sequences of genes the study sought to shed light on the population's genetic makeup, historical background and environmental adaptations.Samples of tissues were taken from black francolins that lived in the district's several ecological domains.PCR was used to amplify the COI gene and the Sanger technique was used to sequence it.Bioinformatics methods were used to assess genetic diversity metrics such as nucleotide and haplotype diversity.In addition to offering a scientific basis for focused conservation measures to promote the long-term survival of black francolins in Khushab.This study made significant contributions to our knowledge of bird’s genetic diversity in Pakistan.